Background and Aim: In patients with complete denture, some clinicians have used modelling plastic impression compound (MPIC) along tissue conditioner (TC) materials simultaneously. Little information is available on the composition of these materials and the interaction between them. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of two components of MPIC on the structure and chemical composition of TC.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, MPIC specimens were provided in 25×2 mm discs. Specimens were randomly divided into three groups and were immersed in ethanol 70%, plasticizer (dibutyl phthalate) and a mixture of them (ethanol 70% and dibutyl phthalate). All of the discs were weighed with a digital balance before and 2, 4, 6 and 24 hours after immersion. Values were analyzed by non parametric Kruskal-Wallis (a= 0.05) and SPSS 16 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL) was used for statistical analysis.Results: Statistical analysis indicated significant differences among all groups (p>.05).Conclusion: Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) had high impact on the solubility of MP, while the mixture of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and ethanol demonstrated the highest impact.

The chemical decomposition of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), including processes like methanogenesis and acidogenesis, significantly influences landfill behavior by generating gases and leachate that alter internal conditions. These chemical changes affect key geotechnical parameters such as unit weight, shear strength, and pore pressure, directly impacting landfill slope stability over time. As organic matter degrades, reductions in strength and increases in gas and leachate pressures can trigger settlement and slope failure. Therefore, integrating chemical analysis with geotechnical evaluation is essential for accurately assessing long-term stability and mitigating risks in landfill design. This study investigates the stability and settlement behavior of a landfill slope after adding four 5-meter-thick layers of MSW, totaling 20 meters of surcharge, leading to a significant collapse. Using displacement data for Points A, B, and C—located at the toe, near the crest, and below the new MSW layer, respectively—we analyzed settlement patterns under varying load multipliers. Graph results reveal increasing displacement with depth and load, reflecting greater instability near the slope’s top. This reveals severe compression and failure beneath the surcharge, which extended up to 15 meters. The "Young" MSW’s low stiffness and weak shear strength, combined with rapid vertical loading, caused excessive consolidation, lateral movement, and a deep-seated rotational failure.

Background and Aim: There are different methods of oral health education for child population. Theater show is a method that has not received enough attention until now. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of using theater show on dental health education in Yazd female elementary students.Materials and Methods: This was a quasi experimental study performed by using pre- and post-test method in Iran over the year 2004. One elementary school from each region of the city was selected. Twenty students from each grade of each school were included in the study (n=200). The information on knowledge, attitudes and practice of oral health were collected by using a valid and reliable questionnaire before and after theater show performance. Data were analyzed using SPSS and Wilcoxon signed rank test.Results: This study showed that the theater show could improve knowledge, attitude and proper oral health practice of children. The effect of the theater show on knowledge was more than attitude and was more on attitude than practice (P<0.001). Only literacy on the part of mothers was significantly correlated with practice (P=0.021). There were significant correlations between Knowledge (P=0.020), Attitude (P=0.0001) and oral health Practice (P=0.022) with students' grade level.Conclusion: This study showed that using theater show for oral health education, could improve the oral health related knowledge, attitude and proper oral health practice by elementary school students.

Objective (s): Recent advances in health geography lead to more understanding of the role of the geographical distribution and location of health services. In order to reduce the social inequalities, there have been several attempts to measure geographical access to health services. The present study was carried out to assess modeling geographical access to medical laboratory services in Iran.Methods: The detailed methodology was reported elsewhere. In brief, study units includeded medical laboratories which were active by the end of March 2013 and located within the city borders. A selected number of cities were included in the study. Data were analyzed using experts’ opinions and using Geographic Information System (GIS). In addition, spatial analysis performed using ArcGIS.Results: This model included two main domains: ‘site selection’ and ‘the number of centers’. The number of centers was dependent upon the urban land use per capita and the site selection consisted of seven elements including population density, distance to service, safety, land use compatibility with neighbors, environmental protection, neighbor to non-constructed land and access to roads.Conclusion: The proposed model can be fit for selecting sites for medical laboratories in all cities and as well as for locating other medical centers in Iran. However, one should be careful for using the model for site selection in cities with small area. The accuracy of selected sites should be confirmed with field visits and opinions of local experts, because some factors such as economic and legal issues influences the possibility of the usage of proposed lands.

With recharge to ground water problems and also lack of ground water resources, in this paper see page discharge and subsurface were modeled for fine-grain soil with surface recharge by a laboratory model. It was compared the results of experimental with the results of Bear (1972) and Castro-Orgaz et al (2012) analytical solutions. Laboratory model having fine porous media has 5 m long, 0. 6 m wide and 1 m deep. For different water levels and bed slope of 0. 0135, the seepage flow and subsurface water profile were measured under surface recharge condition and then were compared with the above-mentioned analytical solutions. Comparison seepage flow were compared with experimental seepage flows and the value of relative error were determined. Also the different between experimental and analytical results were determined means of NOF. After the comparison between experimental and analytical results, the weakness and strength of each method has been revealed. After comparison and evaluation the results of the discharge experimental with the analytical relationship Bear (1972) the relative error was between 4. 2 to 6. 4 percent, and then were compared with analytical relationship. The values of relative error percent and NOF function for compared and measured variables were computed. After comparison of experimental results and analytical solutions, the weakness and strength of each method has been revealed. After comparing the results of the discharge experimental with the analytical relationship based on Dupuit-Forchheimer assumption the relative error was between 4. 2 to 6. 4 percent. By the comparison of the experimental results with analytical solution for Subsurface flow profile, the NOF were analytical between 0. 012 to 0. 048 for Chapman, 0. 011 to 0. 081 for Bear and 0. 011 to 0. 078 for Castro-Orgaz et al, respectively, which indicated a proper confirmation.

Objectives: Recent advances in health geography helped to understand more on the role of the geographical distribution and settings of diagnostic and therapeutic centers in the communities. The present study aimed to investigate on modeling geographical access to medical laboratory services in Iran.Methods: This study conducted in 2014. Study units included medical laboratories, which were active by the end of March 2013 and located within the selected city borders. These laboratories were located in a clinic or in a hospital or were an independent laboratory. The cities were selected by sampling included Takab, Shushtar, Shiraz, Qom and Hamadan. Data analyses performed using expert opinions and using Geographic Information System (GIS). Spatial analysis performed using ArcGIS. The stages of studies were “identifying the urban capacity for medical laboratories”, “determining the land-use compatibility of medical laboratories with other urban land uses and creating mapped information layers in GIS for each of the land-uses”, “determining main criteria for site selection of new medical laboratories and weighting mapped information layers in GIS for each of the criteria”, “determining the optimal site forthe new medical laboratories with overlapping mapped information layers of the main criteria in GIS”, “determining the number of new laboratories with considering the site selection of laboratories” and “design a geographical accessibility model to medical laboratory services”. Main challenges for conducting such studies require infrastructures including layer of urban blocks (field of population) and urban land use fields for each city. In addition, many criteria are involved in choosing the optimal location for the establishment of medical laboratories, so it is recommended to use Geographic Information System to facilitate analysis.Conclusion: Since the results of such studies are useful for policy making and planning in the health system and urban planning, recognizing methodolical challenges can facilitate similar studies in the future.

Different types of contact, including contact between node pairs, any-contact of nodes, and contacts of the entire network, are used to characterize social relations in mobile social networks. Different modes of routing, from the point of view of message delivery semantics, encompass unicasting, multicasting, any-casting, and broadcasting. Studies have shown that using probability distribution functions of contact data, which is mainly assumed to be homogeneous for nodes, improves the performance of these networks. However, there exists an important challenge in studies on distributions. A lot of works apply the distribution of one type of contact to other types. Hence in routing applications, it causes to use of the distribution of one type of contact for any mode of routing. This study provides a complete solution to model each type of homogeneous contact data distribution and to use them in different modes of routing. We propose a routing algorithm that uses this new model. Results show that our solution improves the average latency of comparing methods Epidemic, TCCB, and DR about 3.5-times, 30%, and 45%, respectively. It achieves a delivery rate of about 5% and 6%, and average latency about 6% and 8% better than that of DR and TCCB, respectively.

In this research, the free vibration or natural frequency analyzes have been performed with the help of small-scale physical models. Laboratory modeling in the geotechnical engineering can be performed in the acceleration field of 1g.  In each of the physical modeling modes, the relationship between the model and prototype frequencies is very essential. In this paper, with the help of hammer impact pulse tests (HIPTs) -dynamic experiments- the optimal frequency ranges and the best geometric scales for physical modeling are investigated by a strongbox. The frequency range studied has been selected according to the study of shaking table models between 0.001Hz and 150Hz. To perform impact pulse tests, the physical models of dry sandy slope with different inclination angles from 25 to 60 degrees (and a constatnt slope height) have been instrumented by the piezoelectric acceleration sensors.  The relative density of the sandy slope models is medium dense and about 50% to 52%. In addition to 8 physical models of sandy slopes, two models of level-ground and empty box have also been investigated. The time-history of the acceleration function of the input excitation shock at the slope floor (base point) and the response acceleration at the slope crest are recorded by the acceleration sensors.  These acceleration time responses last for a short stroke (short impact) of less than 1.0 second duration. After extracting temporal responses, the frequency analyzes including transfer function (TF), Fourier response spectrum ratio (RFRS), and spectral energy density function (PSD-function) are derived from the temporal results. Using the transfer function or RFRS, quantitative values of natural frequencies of the physical model of the sandy slope and the storngbox are extracted in different vibration modes. According to the findings of the present study, for a constant slope model the frequencies at which the maximum seismic or dynamic energy is emitted are quite different from the frequencies with the maximum magnified response amplitude. The results of the present study prove the existence of a logic relationship between the sandy slope inclination angle (physical model natural frequencies) and the model response amplification frequency. So that by increasing the angle of inclination of the model slopes at a constant height, the magnification values of the impact acceleration response decrease. Because in general, the amount of sandy materials magnifies or weakens the amplitude of frequency responses. The presence of low sandy materials (on steep slope models) reduces the magnification range of the acceleration response and high sandy materials (on gentle slopes) increase the response range. Optimal frequencies in strong box modeling in the 1g acceleration field are frequencies that do not interfere with acceleration magnifications before or during seismic excitation (pre-seismic mode). Acceleration magnification causes resonance and premature failure in the physical model, which is generally undesirable and unmeasurable in laboratory studies. In this research, the optimal frequency range according to the measurements is proposed for the physical modeling of the 1g acceleration field. These ranges and frequency values are presented according to the various constraints such as the type of strong box, slope angle, relative density of sand, the actual frequency effect of the horizontal components of earthquakes, and so on.